{"id":172296,"date":"2019-06-24T22:02:03","date_gmt":"2019-06-24T19:02:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/haifainfo.com\/?p=172296"},"modified":"2025-12-02T18:33:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T16:33:07","slug":"%d0%b5%d0%b2%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b9-%d0%b8%d0%b7-%d1%88%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b1%d0%b0-%d1%83-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d1%81%d0%b4%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8-%d0%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/?p=172296","title":{"rendered":"\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430, \u0443\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-header_simple\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong><a class=\"article-header_simple-link\" style=\"color: #800080;\" href=\"https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/category\/920-69\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"article-header_simple\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong><a class=\"article-header_simple-link\" style=\"color: #800080;\" href=\"https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/category\/920-69\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/academy\/evrej-iz-shtaba\/?fbclid=IwAR1I-XqfaSExBB3QoWS7iJcXqdHErUc2KmvKp1IHTm3PWS96uCQQgyjMaHs<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"article-header_title\"><\/h2>\n<div class=\"article-title_info\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong><span class=\"article-title_info-text\"><a class=\"link-base\" style=\"color: #800080;\" href=\"https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/writer\/dmitriy-lure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041b\u0443\u0440\u044c\u0435<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"article-title_info-comm\">21\u00a0\u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f\u00a02019<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_likely\">\n<div class=\"likely likely_visible likely_ready\"><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"post-views post-92530 entry-meta\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_text\">\n<figure class=\"article_figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_pic\" src=\"https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/lech326images_Stranitsa_17_Izobrazhenie_0001.jpg\" alt=\"Haifainfo.com\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"article_pic-text\"><span class=\"article_pic-comm\">\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 [1950\u2011\u0435]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0414\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u00a0\u2014 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0430\u00a0\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u0438\u00a0\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0442\u043e\u2011\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u00a0\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u00a0\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u00a0\u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u044e\u0440\u00bb \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0418\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443, \u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u00a0\u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u044c\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441: <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u00ab\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0430\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u044c\u0435\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0435\u0442?\u00bb <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b \u043e\u043d\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a: <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u00ab\u0411\u044b\u043b \u0432\u00a0\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0435, \u0432\u00a0\u041c\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0435, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439, <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0443\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u00bb.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u00a0\u0444\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u043d\u0438\u00a0\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0443\u00a0\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0432\u00a0\u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u0430\u00a0\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u044f\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c: \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c? \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c. \u0412\u00a0\u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u044c\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 14\u2011\u044f\u00a0\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b \u044f\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442. \u0412\u00a0\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043d\u0435. \u0421\u00a0\u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u00a0\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u0418\u00a0\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a. \u0412\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u00a0\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u00a0\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0417\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u00a0\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 14\u2011\u0439\u00a0\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u00a0\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0438\u00a022 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u00a0\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><em><strong> \u00ab\u0412\u00a0\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0439, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d. \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0438\u00a0\u043a\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u00bb.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"article_figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article_pic\" src=\"https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/lech326images_Stranitsa_17_Izobrazhenie_0002.jpg\" alt=\"Haifainfo.com\" title=\"\"><figcaption class=\"article_pic-text\"><strong><strong><em><span class=\"article_pic-comm\">\u0424\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u00a0\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u00a0\u041b.\u00a0\u0421.\u00a0\u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u00a0\u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u044c\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430. \u0421\u00a0\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u043e\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b:<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00ab\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0438\u00a0\u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u0430 \u201c\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044f\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u201d \u0432\u00a0\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435\u00bb.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u043e\u0438, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u00a0\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u043e\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430. \u0410\u00a0\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430: \u043f\u043e\u00a0\u0441\u0443\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043b.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/1941g.files.wordpress.com\/2016\/07\/d181d0bad0b2d0b8d180d181d0bad0b8d0b9-d0bb-d181.jpg?w=278&amp;h=400\" alt=\"\u00d0\u009a\u00d0\u00b0\u00d1\u0080\u00d1\u0082\u00d0\u00b8\u00d0\u00bd\u00d0\u00ba\u00d0\u00b8 \u00d0\u00bf\u00d0\u00be \u00d0\u00b7\u00d0\u00b0\u00d0\u00bf\u00d1\u0080\u00d0\u00be\u00d1\u0081\u00d1\u0083 \u00d0\u00bb\u00d0\u00b5\u00d0\u00b2 \u00d1\u0081\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00bb\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00bc\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00bd\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00b2\u00d0\u00b8\u00d1\u0087 \u00d1\u0081\u00d0\u00ba\u00d0\u00b2\u00d0\u00b8\u00d1\u0080\u00d1\u0081\u00d0\u00ba\u00d0\u00b8\u00d0\u00b9\" width=\"491\" height=\"706\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u00a0\u0436\u0435\u00a0\u00ab\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044f\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u00bb. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 26\u2011\u0439\u00a0\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435\u00a0\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0432\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044e. \u0412\u0441\u0435, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u00a0\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445, \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u00a0\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0432\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u00a01960 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u00a0\u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b. \u0414\u043e\u00a01990 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u041d\u043e\u00a0\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u041c\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0431\u044b\u043b \u0441\u0434\u0430\u043d. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u041d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u041a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u041c\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u00a0\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u044b \u043f\u043e\u00a0\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u2011\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0412\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u00ab\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u044f \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430, \u0443\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b 22 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00bb. \ufffc<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"ru\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447<\/strong><\/h1>\n<div id=\"bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438<\/div>\n<div id=\"contentSub\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"jump-to-nav\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"ru\">\n<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<table class=\"infobox\" data-name=\"\u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"infobox-above\" colspan=\"2\">\n<h2><strong>\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"\" colspan=\"2\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P18\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/ru\/7\/70\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.jpg\" alt=\"\u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447.jpg\" width=\"476\" height=\"621\" data-file-width=\"250\" data-file-height=\"326\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P569\"><a title=\"15 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/15_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"1903 \u0433\u043e\u0434\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1903_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1903<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P19\">\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e\u00a0<a title=\"\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/a>\u00a0(\u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435:\u00a0<a title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d (\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/a>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P570\"><a title=\"5 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/5_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"1990 \u0433\u043e\u0434\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1990_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1990<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">(86 \u043b\u0435\u0442)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P20\"><a title=\"\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"nowrap\"><span class=\"flagicon\"><a title=\"\u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbborder\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg\/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg\/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg\/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"Haifainfo.com\" width=\"22\" height=\"11\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"600\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<a title=\"\u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"wrap\">\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u0420\u043e\u0434\u00a0\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P241\"><a title=\"\u041f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u0413\u043e\u0434\u044b\u00a0\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1919\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1919\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1919<\/a>\u2014<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"1960\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1960<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u0417\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P410\"><a title=\"\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b-\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/63\/CCCP_army_Rank_general-lejtnant_infobox.svg\/55px-CCCP_army_Rank_general-lejtnant_infobox.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/63\/CCCP_army_Rank_general-lejtnant_infobox.svg\/83px-CCCP_army_Rank_general-lejtnant_infobox.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/63\/CCCP_army_Rank_general-lejtnant_infobox.svg\/110px-CCCP_army_Rank_general-lejtnant_infobox.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b-\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442\" width=\"55\" height=\"21\" data-file-width=\"356\" data-file-height=\"138\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P598\">\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u00a0<a title=\"14-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f (\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14-%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14-\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438<\/a>, \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u00a0<a title=\"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"26-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f (\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/26-%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">26-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\/\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P607\"><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 (1939\u20141940)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1939%E2%80%941940)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430<\/a>,\u00a0<a title=\"\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"plainlist\">\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438<\/th>\n<td class=\"plainlist\">\n<div class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P166\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/43\/SU_Order_of_Lenin_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_Lenin_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/43\/SU_Order_of_Lenin_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_Lenin_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/43\/SU_Order_of_Lenin_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_Lenin_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Banner_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b II \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Patriotic_War_2nd_class_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Patriotic_War_2nd_class_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Patriotic_War_2nd_class_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Patriotic_War_2nd_class_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Patriotic_War_2nd_class_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Patriotic_War_2nd_class_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b II \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0443\u0442\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 II \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_II_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/32\/SU_Order_of_Kutuzov_2nd_class_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_Kutuzov_2nd_class_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/32\/SU_Order_of_Kutuzov_2nd_class_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_Kutuzov_2nd_class_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/32\/SU_Order_of_Kutuzov_2nd_class_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_Kutuzov_2nd_class_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0443\u0442\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 II \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Order_of_the_Red_Star_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u00abXX \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435-\u041a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438\u00bb\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%C2%ABXX_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5-%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8%C2%BB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dc\/SU_Medal_XX_Years_of_the_Workers%27_and_Peasants%27_Red_Army_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Medal_XX_Years_of_the_Workers%27_and_Peasants%27_Red_Army_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dc\/SU_Medal_XX_Years_of_the_Workers%27_and_Peasants%27_Red_Army_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Medal_XX_Years_of_the_Workers%27_and_Peasants%27_Red_Army_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dc\/SU_Medal_XX_Years_of_the_Workers%27_and_Peasants%27_Red_Army_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Medal_XX_Years_of_the_Workers%27_and_Peasants%27_Red_Army_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"SU Medal XX Years of the Workers&#039; and Peasants&#039; Red Army ribbon.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u00ab\u0417\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u044c\u044f\u00bb\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%C2%AB%D0%97%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%C2%BB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/SU_Medal_For_the_Defence_of_the_Soviet_Transarctic_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Medal_For_the_Defence_of_the_Soviet_Transarctic_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/SU_Medal_For_the_Defence_of_the_Soviet_Transarctic_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Medal_For_the_Defence_of_the_Soviet_Transarctic_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/SU_Medal_For_the_Defence_of_the_Soviet_Transarctic_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Medal_For_the_Defence_of_the_Soviet_Transarctic_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"SU Medal For the Defence of the Soviet Transarctic ribbon.svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a title=\"\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u00ab\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435 1941\u20141945\u00a0\u0433\u0433.\u00bb\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%C2%AB%D0%97%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5_1941%E2%80%941945_%D0%B3%D0%B3.%C2%BB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/79\/SU_Medal_For_the_Victory_over_Germany_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_1941-1945_ribbon.svg\/40px-SU_Medal_For_the_Victory_over_Germany_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_1941-1945_ribbon.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/79\/SU_Medal_For_the_Victory_over_Germany_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_1941-1945_ribbon.svg\/60px-SU_Medal_For_the_Victory_over_Germany_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_1941-1945_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/79\/SU_Medal_For_the_Victory_over_Germany_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_1941-1945_ribbon.svg\/80px-SU_Medal_For_the_Victory_over_Germany_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_1941-1945_ribbon.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u00ab\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435 1941\u20141945\u00a0\u0433\u0433.\u00bb\" width=\"40\" height=\"17\" data-file-width=\"144\" data-file-height=\"60\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"infobox-below\" colspan=\"2\"><span class=\"wikidata-claim\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P373\" data-wikidata-claim-id=\"Q4421727$7ec5e24c-4394-3cf8-edae-0f75d3991b90\"><span class=\"wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak\"><a title=\"commons:Category:Lev Skvirsky\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Lev_Skvirsky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\" alt=\"Commons-logo.svg\" width=\"15\" height=\"20\" data-file-width=\"1024\" data-file-height=\"1376\" title=\"\"><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"extiw\" title=\"commons:Category:Lev Skvirsky\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Lev_Skvirsky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/b>\u00a0(<span class=\"nowrap\"><span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P569\"><a title=\"15 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/15_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"1903 \u0433\u043e\u0434\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1903_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1903<\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<span class=\"no-wikidata\" data-wikidata-property-id=\"P570\"><a title=\"5 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/5_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/a>\u00a0<a title=\"1990 \u0433\u043e\u0434\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1990_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1990<\/a><\/span>)\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439,\u00a0<a title=\"\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d<\/a>.\u00a0<a title=\"\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b-\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b-\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-we_2003_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-we_2003-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\">\n<p><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"ru\"><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-5\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F\"><\/span><strong><span id=\"\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a title=\"\u041b\u0435\u0432 (\u0438\u043c\u044f)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_(%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8F)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041b\u0435\u0432<\/a>\u00a0\u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f 15 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1903 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0435\u00a0<a title=\"\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b<\/a>, \u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435\u00a0<a title=\"\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d (\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/a>\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b.\u00a0<a title=\"\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438<\/a>\u00a0\u0441\u00a0<a title=\"1919 \u0433\u043e\u0434\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1919_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1919 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/a>. \u0412 1921 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u00a0<a class=\"new\" title=\"\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442 (\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/a>\u00a0\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u00a0<a title=\"\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438<\/a>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0432 1924 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u00a0<a class=\"new\" title=\"\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 (\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443<\/a>, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439. \u0421 1930 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0428\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 \u0420\u041a\u041a\u0410. \u0412 1934 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432\u00a0<a title=\"\u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041c. \u0412. \u0424\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0437\u0435\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9C._%D0%92._%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041c.\u00a0\u0412.\u00a0\u0424\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0437\u0435<\/a>, \u0432 1935 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0435\u0451 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b. \u0421 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0412 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 1939 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000080;\" title=\"14-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f (\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14-%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14-\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438<\/a>\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000080;\" title=\"\u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430<\/a>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" style=\"color: #000080;\" title=\"\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 (1939\u20141940)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1939%E2%80%941940)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435<\/a>. 25 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000080;\" title=\"\u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041d\u041a\u041e<\/a>\u00a0\u2116\u00a004640 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041b. \u0421. \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 14-\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b 14-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0412 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0439 1943 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u00a0<a title=\"\u041a\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0439<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043c\u0430\u0435 1943 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u00a0<a title=\"26-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f (\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/26-%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">26-\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0435\u0439<\/a>. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0443\u0445\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u0432\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a>\u00a0\u0438\u00a0<a title=\"\u0421\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/a>\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 26-\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u00a0<a title=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/a>\u00a0\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421 16 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c 1946 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b-\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041b. \u0421. \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u00a0<a title=\"\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430<\/a>, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u00a0<a title=\"\u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1951 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0412\u0410\u041a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0412\u044b\u0441\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043c. \u041a.\u00a0\u0415.\u00a0\u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0432 1960 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f 5 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 1990 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u00a0<a title=\"\u0422\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0422\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.moscow-tombs.ru\/1990\/skvirsky_ls.JPG\" alt=\"\u00d0\u009a\u00d0\u00b0\u00d1\u0080\u00d1\u0082\u00d0\u00b8\u00d0\u00bd\u00d0\u00ba\u00d0\u00b8 \u00d0\u00bf\u00d0\u00be \u00d0\u00b7\u00d0\u00b0\u00d0\u00bf\u00d1\u0080\u00d0\u00be\u00d1\u0081\u00d1\u0083 \u00d0\u00bb\u00d0\u00b5\u00d0\u00b2 \u00d1\u0081\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00bb\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00bc\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00bd\u00d0\u00be\u00d0\u00b2\u00d0\u00b8\u00d1\u0087 \u00d1\u0081\u00d0\u00ba\u00d0\u00b2\u00d0\u00b8\u00d1\u0080\u00d1\u0081\u00d0\u00ba\u00d0\u00b8\u00d0\u00b9\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D1.8B\"><\/span><span id=\"\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044b\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044b<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<li>4\u00a0<a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b I \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B_I_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b I \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0443\u0442\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0443\u0442\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 2 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>2\u00a0<a title=\"\u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87#cite_note-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[8]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"likebtn_container\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><!-- LikeBtn.com BEGIN --><span class=\"likebtn-wrapper\"  data-identifier=\"post_172296\"  data-site_id=\"693c893d943ec958232f2f32\"  data-theme=\"custom\"  data-btn_size=\"70\"  data-icon_l=\"false\"  data-icon_d=\"thmb7-d\"  data-icon_l_url=\"http:\/\/haifainfo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/like-1.png#218287\"  data-icon_size=\"30\"  data-f_size=\"24\"  data-lang=\"ru\"  data-dislike_enabled=\"false\"  data-white_label=\"true\"  data-i18n_like=\"\u041d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f\"  data-style=\"\"  data-unlike_allowed=\"\"  data-show_copyright=\"\"  data-item_url=\"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/?p=172296\"  data-item_title=\"\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430, \u0443\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\"  data-item_image=\"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/013-20190613_193352_HDR-512x294.jpg\"  data-item_date=\"2019-06-24T22:02:03+03:00\"  data-engine=\"WordPress\"  data-plugin_v=\"2.6.59\"  data-prx=\"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=likebtn_prx\"  data-event_handler=\"likebtn_eh\" ><\/span><!-- LikeBtn.com END --><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a https:\/\/lechaim.ru\/academy\/evrej-iz-shtaba\/?fbclid=IwAR1I-XqfaSExBB3QoWS7iJcXqdHErUc2KmvKp1IHTm3PWS96uCQQgyjMaHs \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041b\u0443\u0440\u044c\u0435\u00a021\u00a0\u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f\u00a02019 \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0421\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 [1950\u2011\u0435] &nbsp; \u0414\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u00a0\u2014 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0430\u00a0\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u0438\u00a0\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0442\u043e\u2011\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b<\/p>\n<div class=\"likebtn_container\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><!-- LikeBtn.com BEGIN --><span class=\"likebtn-wrapper\"  data-identifier=\"post_172296\"  data-site_id=\"693c893d943ec958232f2f32\"  data-theme=\"custom\"  data-btn_size=\"70\"  data-icon_l=\"false\"  data-icon_d=\"thmb7-d\"  data-icon_l_url=\"http:\/\/haifainfo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/like-1.png#218287\"  data-icon_size=\"30\"  data-f_size=\"24\"  data-lang=\"ru\"  data-dislike_enabled=\"false\"  data-white_label=\"true\"  data-i18n_like=\"\u041d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f\"  data-style=\"\"  data-unlike_allowed=\"\"  data-show_copyright=\"\"  data-item_url=\"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/?p=172296\"  data-item_title=\"\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430, \u0443\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\"  data-item_image=\"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/013-20190613_193352_HDR-512x294.jpg\"  data-item_date=\"2019-06-24T22:02:03+03:00\"  data-engine=\"WordPress\"  data-plugin_v=\"2.6.59\"  data-prx=\"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=likebtn_prx\"  data-event_handler=\"likebtn_eh\" ><\/span><!-- LikeBtn.com END --><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":171925,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2114"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172296","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=172296"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172296\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/171925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=172296"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=172296"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haifainfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=172296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}